Calibration Summit II
Date: September 29, 2005
Location: Harvard Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Rm 340, 160
Concord Ave., Cambridge
Goal: The main purpose of this meeting was to discuss effects in
IRAC which are not part of our routine calibration, yet may noticeably
affect results, in some cases at a fairly high level. Also, in many cases
these effects are extremely non-obvious and may well be impacting results
being currently produced.
Actionable statements are italicized below.
We will be scheduling a second meeting later in the year, probably in
Pasadena, to discuss further refinements to the routine calibration.
Agenda
- 9:00 AM
- Opening Remarks - description of goals for meeting. See above. (Surace)
- 9:10 AM
- Channel 1 Pixel Phasing (Glaccum)
- Joe presented his measurements, which can be seen in the first few slides of this
presentation.
- Bill G. presented an explanation of what causes this effect, which
is 4% p-p in Ch.1.
- John Stauffer presented evidence from FEPS confirming the observed
relation in Ch.1, but also showing evidence for a similar (perhaps 2%)
effect in Ch.2. Examination of Joe's plots shows a similar result.
- John also presented a FEPS result that seemed to show
consistent brightening as a function of time in Ch.4. Could this be a
latent issue?
- We debated whether or not more test data was needed. In all
likelihood the best datasets are already in hand, particularly from
FEPS. It was suggested that the Dark Field is probably an ideal
dataset for probing this, since it has hundreds of the same stars
viewed over and over. It would require someone, like Jason, to write
the software to sort through it all.
- It might be possible to refine the accuracy of the correction.
- The SSC Apex software could be modified to take this effect into
account automatically.
- The effect should be fully documented (actually, it is in the data handbook
now).
- 9:30 AM
- IRAC Color Terms (Hora)
- Joe presented his results,
showing the nature of all the corrections and the potential photometric accuracy if all factors are taken into
account.
- Joe finds it is difficult to explain the observed results using
the color variation and spatial distortion.
- Joe suggests we supply maps of the transmission curves on a
pixelwise basis. He can supply these.
- Jason showed results from SWIRE. Mean
correction is 1% or so for a half-array offset mapping strategy, but
specific areas can still have large corrections of 5% or so.
- We discussed what would be good ways to address this for the
community. APEX could be modified to use the gain correction images. MOPEX
could produce as a user-product a map of the gain correction factors
corresponding to the mosaic image product. MOPEX could also apply a
BCD-wise correction to each image prior to mosaicing, in the manner
that SWIRE does.
- It was suggested Rick might be able to come up with an idealized
dither pattern that minimizes these corrections.
- 10:30 AM
- Break
- 10:45 AM
- Instrument Cross-Calibration (Surace)
- Jason presented Lin Yan's slides on the instrument cross-calibration
effort at the SSC. Calibration between all instruments appears good to
within the 10% requirement drafted by the IPT. Differences appear attributable
to the underlying models for the calibrators.
- It was suggested we should consider observing Sirius and Vega to
get measurements of fundamental calibrators.
- It was agreed we should continue to pursue an understanding of
why these measurable differences exist.
- 11:00 AM
- Point-Spread Function (Marengo)
- Massimo presented results on his
construction of a very high dynamic range PSF from saturated stars. He
showed results from using this for PSF subtractions in the context of
finding faint objects around bright stars. He also showed that it was
possible to reach milli-mag photometric accuracy.
- Bill Hoffman presented results which showed a sizeable variation in
noise pixels for the PSF from the center to the edges of the array.
- Joe showed a small movie showing the expansion and contraction of
the PSF over the array.
- We debated whether this had a sizeable effect on small-aperture
aperture corrections. We considered whether this may be part of the
effect that Joe is mapping in the position-dependent gain correction.
We also worried that this may be the source of some of the
non-reducible scatter some groups (like SWIRE) are seeing. Tom Megeath
refers us back to an early
IOC experiment which would seem to indicate that the variation in
aperture correction for a 2-pixel aperture is only about 1-2% for
channels 1,2,4 and perhaps 4% for channel 3.
- It was felt that this should be better documented with a
recommendation to observers that certain parts of the array are
effectively more sensitive due to the sharper PSF.
- Noon
- Lunch
- 1:30 PM
- Scattering/Charge Diffusion (Glaccum)
- Glaccum presented a discussion of the mechanism of charge
diffusion.
- We concluded this has little or no effect on photometry.
- 2:30 PM
- Muxbleed/Banding (Carey)
- Sean presented a discussion of
the IDL artifact corrector.
- Sean requested that someone provide an analysis of the power
spectrum of cosmic ray hits.
- 3:00 PM
- Linearization (Surace)
- Jason presented results from the stellar linearity test and from SWIRE. The
conclusion is that channels 1, 2 and 4 are properly linearized, but channel
3 is not.
- Jason also presented a discussion (in the above ppt file) of the
muxbleed-like
behaviour of the Si:As arrays. This appears 4 pixels past bright objects,
only appears above 1/3-1/2 full-well, and is an increasingly large fraction
of the original source peak. This has affected all linearity measurements.
It also affects aperture photometry. It should be better documented.
- Bill G. presents an explanation of the effect, which is a limited
bandwith issue in the mux, not the cables, and how it arose based on
decisions about how the array was to be operated prior to flight. He
points out that changes in the array voltages and currents could
significantly ameliorate this effect. Changes in handling the channel 3
array prior to flight probably account for the confusingly contradictory
linearization tests.
- Jason will further examine the SWIRE results to decide if
linearization of channel 3 changed after routine annealing began. A new
ch.3 linearity curve will then be created.
- We agreed we should perform a test to see if we could ameliorate the
channel 3 bandwitdh issue.
- 3:30
- Extended Source Measurements (Pahre, Jarrett)
- Mike presented his
approach for determining the extended source calibration from
E-galaxies. He pointed out that the SOM and two published papers all
disagree on what the factor for extended sources should be.
- Tom presented his analysis
of the extended source calibration, as offsets vs. source extension as
derived from comparison between 2MASS and IRAC images, and an assumed
model spectrum. There is a surprising amount of scatter, and similarly
there were difficulties matching a red point source (Mrk 231). There
are also consistent offsets in all channels between 2MASS and IRAC
(closest in ch.2).
- We arrived at no real consensus between methods looked at to
better than the 10% or so level.
- We discussed the effect of the assumed models used to determine
"true" fluxes in the IRAC channels. It is aparrent from other work that
offsets between simple predictions from 2MASS and IRAC are often
between 5-10%. We discussed a need to understand these differences
generically (for stars, for example) before we are likely to get much
further for extended sources.
- We discussed the idea of performing convolution/deconvolution
experiments with the extended PSF to see if we could approach a
solution that way.